Journal: Parasitology Research

Article Title: Evaluation of immunoprotective effects of recombinant protein and DNA vaccine based on Eimeria tenella surface antigen 16 and 22 in vivo

doi: 10.1007/s00436-021-07105-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Serum cytokine concentration and IgY antibody level of rEtSAG16 and 22 proteins. Serum was collected at 14 dpi (28 days of age). G1: rEtSAG16 (50 μg); G2: rEtSAG16 (100 μg); G3: rEtSAG22 (50 μg); G4: rEtSAG22 (100 μg); G5: negative control group; G6: positive control group. a IFN-γ concentration. b IgY concentration. c IL-4 concentration. d IL-10 concentration. e IL-17 concentration. Bars represent mean ± SD value ( N = 8). Different alphabet responses significant difference among groups

Article Snippet: The concentration of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-17 (IL-17) and total IgY antibody level in serum were detected through an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) utilising Chick Cytokine ELISA Quantitation Kits (catalogue numbers: CSB-E08550Ch, CSB-E06756Ch, CSB-E12835C, CSB-E04607Ch and CSB-E11635Ch for IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17 and IgY respectively; CUSABIO, Wuhan, China), according to manufacturer instructions.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Negative Control, Positive Control

Journal: Parasitology Research

Article Title: Evaluation of immunoprotective effects of recombinant protein and DNA vaccine based on Eimeria tenella surface antigen 16 and 22 in vivo

doi: 10.1007/s00436-021-07105-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Serum cytokine concentration and IgY antibody level of pEGFP-N1-EtSAG16, pEGFP-N1-EtSAG22 and pEGFP-N1-EtSAG4-16-22 plasmids. Serum was collected at 14 dpi (28 days of age). G7: pEGFP-N1-EtSAG16 (50 μg); G8: pEGFP-N1-EtSAG16 (100 μg); G9: pEGFP-N1-EtSAG22 (50 μg); G10: pEGFP-N1-EtSAG22 (100 μg); G11: pEGFP-N1-EtSAG4-16-22 (50 μg); G12: pEGFP-N1-EtSAG4-16-22 (100 μg); G13: empty pEGFP-N1 control; G14: negative control group; G15: positive control group. a IFN-γ concentration. b IgY concentration. c IL-4 concentration. d IL-10 concentration. e IL-17 concentration. Bars represent mean ± sd value ( N = 8). Different alphabet responses significant difference among groups

Article Snippet: The concentration of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-17 (IL-17) and total IgY antibody level in serum were detected through an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) utilising Chick Cytokine ELISA Quantitation Kits (catalogue numbers: CSB-E08550Ch, CSB-E06756Ch, CSB-E12835C, CSB-E04607Ch and CSB-E11635Ch for IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17 and IgY respectively; CUSABIO, Wuhan, China), according to manufacturer instructions.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Control, Negative Control, Positive Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Intranasal immunization with inactivated chlamydial elementary bodies formulated in VCG-chitosan nanoparticles induces robust immunity against intranasal Chlamydia psittaci challenge

doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-89940-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: Concentration of cytokines in lung lavage fluids of chickens immunized with UV-inactivated EB in combination with different VCG doses. Groups of chickens (8/group) were immunized and boosted IN as described in the materials and methods section. Lung lavage fluids were obtained 3 weeks after the booster immunization. The amount of Th1 (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-12, IL-18), Th2 (IL-4) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines in supernatants of lung lavage fluids was quantified using commercial cytokine assay kits from Kingfisher (Kingfisher Biotech Inc, Saint Paul, MN) and Cusabio (Cusabio, Wuhan, China). The concentration of the cytokines in each sample was extrapolated from a standard calibration curve generated simultaneously. Bars represent the mean concentrations (± SD) from 8 chickens and are the results of one of two independent experiments with similar results. Significant differences between groups were evaluated by One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post multiple comparison test at p *** < 0.001, p ** < 0.01 and p * < 0.05. Abbreviations: − ve ctr negative controls; + ve ctr positive control.

Article Snippet: Levels of the Th1 (IL-18, #CSB-E10070Ch) and Th2 (IL-4, # CSB-E06756Ch) cytokines were assessed using commercial ELISA kits from Cusabio (Cusabio, Wuhan, China) according to the manufacturer’s instructions; the detection ranges were 7.8–500 pg/ml and 12.5–800 pg/ml, respectively.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Cytokine Assay, Generated, Comparison, Positive Control

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: A novel self-amplified RNA vaccine co-expressing NA and HA1 delivered by Salmonella confers potent protection against H9N2 influenza in chickens

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.107072

Figure Lengend Snippet: Intracellular cytokine production. Chicken splenic lymphocytes were isolated for analysis. Cell proliferation was assessed using CCK-8 analysis with ConA (A), mixed HA1 peptides (B), and NA protein (C). Additionally, the production of IFN-γ by splenic T lymphocytes was measured via an ELISpot assay, utilizing NA and HA1 proteins as stimulators for 36 h (D).

Article Snippet: IFN-γ production was assessed using a commercial Chicken IFN-γ ELISpot kit (Mabtech, Sweden).

Techniques: Isolation, CCK-8 Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunospot

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: A novel self-amplified RNA vaccine co-expressing NA and HA1 delivered by Salmonella confers potent protection against H9N2 influenza in chickens

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.107072

Figure Lengend Snippet: Intracellular cytokine production. The intracellular mRNA expression levels of IL-4 (B, D) and IFN-γ (A, C)—as well as the relative concentrations of these cytokines in cell culture supernatants stimulated by the NA peptide (E, F) or HA1 protein (G, H) for 48 h—were determined using qRT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM and analyzed using one-way ANOVA (* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; n = 4).

Article Snippet: IFN-γ production was assessed using a commercial Chicken IFN-γ ELISpot kit (Mabtech, Sweden).

Techniques: Expressing, Cell Culture, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay